Designed · Machined · Assembled

Built
From
Scratch.

A custom CNC router — conceived, designed in SolidWorks, machined in China, and assembled by hand. Every decision made deliberately.

See it move
Design started — 6 months ago
Parts machined — last month
Status — assembly complete

Not a kit. Not off the shelf.
Every tolerance specified. Every part chosen.

Ten design iterations across six months. A bed slinger. A fixed gantry. Eventually the machine you see here — a moving-gantry router built to cut tonewoods for violins and concertina lids with the precision that instrument making demands.

Designed in SolidWorks. Parts machined in China. Everything bolted together first time — almost.

From digital instruments
to the machine that makes them.

It started with 3D printed instruments — violins, concertinas, parts designed digitally and brought to life in plastic. The workflow was good. The results were interesting. But wood has something plastic doesn't. Resonance. History. Life.

To work in wood with the same precision that digital design allows, you need a machine that doesn't exist off the shelf — not at the level of accuracy that instrument making requires. So the answer was to build one.

The design went through ten iterations. A bed slinger was considered and abandoned. A fixed gantry was drawn and reconsidered. The moving-gantry design that emerged balances stiffness, travel, and the specific bed size needed to accommodate a violin top or a concertina lid.

The parts were specified in SolidWorks with tolerances, sent to a machinist in China, and arrived last month. They bolted together. There was one mistake on the Z axis — caught early, remade cheaply. One batch of taps was the wrong size for the bearing housings — solved with 3D printed replacements that work perfectly. Real engineering is adaptation.

The goal now is a machine that cuts spruce, maple, and sycamore to violin-grade tolerances — and when the next machine comes, the knowledge to customise it completely.

Build timeline

6 months ago

First sketches in SolidWorks. Bed slinger concept explored.

Iterations 1–5

Fixed gantry explored. Extrusion sizes determined by bed requirements for violin plates.

Iterations 6–10

Moving gantry finalised. Ball screws specified. Dual-rail configuration locked in.

Last month

Parts arrive from China. Z axis error caught and remade. 3D printed bearing housings fabricated as fix.

Now

Assembly complete. Wiring next. First cuts soon.

The machine.

1.5
kW spindle
Air-cooled. Enough power for hardwoods, precise enough for fine tonewood detail passes.
2
rails per axis
Dual HGH15CA linear rails on the gantry. Most machines at this price point use one. Two means rigidity under load.
3
ball screws
One per axis. No belts. Ball screws don't stretch, don't slip, and don't introduce backlash into a repeating cut.
10
design iterations
From first sketch to final design. Each one teaching something the next iteration used.
3060
aluminium extrusion
Sizes chosen to give the right bed envelope for violin plates and concertina lids. The music drove the engineering.
future axes
Designed to be modified. A rotary axis for spindle turning is already planned. Nothing is locked in.

Why these choices.

Ball screws vs Belts

No belts.

Belts stretch under load, introduce backlash over time, and degrade. For a machine cutting at instrument tolerances — where 0.1mm matters to a joint fit — a belt is a liability. Ball screws have near-zero backlash and are the choice of machines that cost ten times as much.

→ Ball screws on all three axes
Dual rail vs Single rail

Two rails.

A single rail on the gantry saves cost. It also allows racking and deflection under side load — which happens in every real cut. A second rail turns the gantry into a rigid structure. The price difference is modest. The accuracy difference is significant.

→ Dual HGH15CA rails on gantry
Moving gantry vs Bed slinger

Moving gantry.

A bed slinger moves the workpiece rather than the tool. For instrument work where the workpiece might be a delicate piece of spruce, moving it at speed introduces risk. A moving gantry keeps the workpiece still. Cleaner physics for this application.

→ Gantry moves, bed is fixed
Custom design vs Off the shelf

Design it yourself.

An off-the-shelf machine would have been faster and cheaper. It would also be fixed — fixed bed, fixed travel, no rotary option. Designing from scratch means full understanding of every joint. When the next machine gets built, that knowledge transfers completely.

→ Full SolidWorks design, parts to spec

What actually happened.

The parts arrived from China and bolted together. That sentence understates six months of design work — getting to a state where parts from a factory on the other side of the world fit together without modification is the proof that the SolidWorks model was right.

There was one mistake. The Z axis components had an error — caught before assembly, remade. Because they were smaller parts, the cost was manageable.

There was one procurement mistake. The taps ordered for the bearing housing threads were the wrong size. Rather than reorder and wait, the bearing housings were redesigned and 3D printed. They carry the correct bolt pattern. They work perfectly.

These aren't failures. They're the normal texture of building something real. The machines that get finished are the ones where the builder adapts rather than stops.

The fix

"Wrong taps for the bearing housings. 3D printed new ones to the right thread pattern. They work fine."

What self-build means

You understand every part. When something breaks, you know why. When you want to add a rotary axis, you know where it goes. When you build the next one, you don't start from zero.

Built to show,
designed to teach.

This project spans every technical subject taught in secondary school. Available as a guest talk or workshop — a real machine built by one person, documented from first sketch to first cut, with every decision explained.

⚙️
Design & Technology
Ten iterations. Real trade-offs. The full design process from concept to machined parts.
🎵
Music & Craft
A machine built for a purpose — cutting tonewoods for violins and concertinas.
💻
Computing
3D modelling, CAM, toolpaths, G-code, and a custom 3D viewer written in JavaScript.
📐
Mathematics
Tolerances, coordinate systems, forces, and the geometry of cutting paths.

Available for

Guest talks · Workshops · Demonstrations

Secondary school · College · University · Community groups

Get in touch →

Interactive 3D model

See it move.

Every part modelled in SolidWorks. Drag to orbit. Use the sliders to move each axis.

LOADING ASSEMBLY
Fetching manifest…
LMB · Orbit
RMB · Pan
Scroll · Zoom
Y — Gantry 0 mm
X — Carriage 0 mm
Z — Spindle 0 mm